#Boldt software instruments verification#

SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2–7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. Space Science Reviews volume 217, Article number: 47 ( 2021) Our results suggest that stereo camera technology is a useful tool for studying fish in the water column.The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description Cameras can also sample non-lethally in areas where trawling is not logistically possible, such as in shipping lanes, or permitted, such as marine protected areas.

#Boldt software instruments verification#

However, stereo cameras can be viable tools for acoustic target verification of fish species and measurements of fish lengths, with the advantages of additional information on specific fish depth, tilt, and yaw. The challenges of using stereo cameras in acoustic surveys include smaller sample sizes than those of midwater trawl catches, time required for processing of images, and identification of small fish. Fish orientation was close to horizontal for pollock, but slightly downward for hake (15.56°), which could have implications for acoustics-based biomass estimates. Higher abundances of fish in the stereo camera images were associated with higher midwater trawl catch-per-unit-effort values. Fish length measurements were most accurate when yaw angles were <30°. Pacific hake, Merluccius productus, and walleye pollock, Gadus chalcogrammus, were the two dominant species in both midwater trawl haul catches and stereo camera images, but fish sizes were significantly larger in most cases in stereo camera images compared to trawl haul catches. Fish sometimes moved in response to the stereo camera deployment, but acclimated quickly to its presence at depth. Five paired stereo camera deployments and pelagic midwater trawl hauls were compared during an acoustic survey in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. In a pilot test, the stereo camera was used to identify fish species and to measure fish length, depth, tilt, and yaw.

We designed, built, and tested a stereo camera for its potential to augment survey assessments of pelagic fish biomass in areas where trawl net samples cannot be collected.

These methods, however, have yet to be demonstrated for mid-water pelagic or semi-pelagic fishes. Underwater stereo cameras have shown promise in providing a non-lethal, efficient, and cost-effective method to observe and measure fish in areas that cannot be sampled otherwise. A challenge in estimating fish biomass using sampling nets is varying catchability with habitat, weather, or vessel traffic conditions. To understand and manage marine ecosystems, long-term monitoring of fish biomass is needed.